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KMID : 0614420180460020150
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Mental Health & Social Work
2018 Volume.46 No. 2 p.150 ~ p.178
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A Longitudinal Study of the Reciprocal Relationship between Depression and Income in Korean Society - Focused on a test of social causation and selection hypothesis -
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Jung Eun-Hee
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Abstract
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This study aims to examine the reciprocal relationship between depression and income longitudinally, and to prove social causation and selection hypothesis. This study used Korean adults longitudinally using data of the Korean Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS) from 2006-2012. The study population was householders aged over 19. The analytic methods are the latent growth curve and multi-group structural equation model. The results are as follows. First, average depression symptoms have decreased and income level has increased steadily every year, and there are significant differences between individuals. By multi-group analysis, the elderly group's initial depression symptoms were higher than the younger group, and have declined more slowly. Second, the multi-variate latent growth curve model revealed that there might be a reciprocal longitudinal relationship between depression and income. Multi-group analysis, however, supported social selection and causation hypothesis differently between the elderly and the early middle aged group. As for the elderly group, depression and income was in a negative relationship that continued for 7 years. But in the early middle aged group, baseline depression only suppressed increases in income. This means that depression effects on income change in rate significantly throughout adult life, and there was a double jeopardy and cyclical risk of income disparity and depression in the elderly group. The key point that emerges from the results of testing two hypotheses is that the vicious circle between depression and income trajectory needs to be cut off. The strategies of practice and policy thus should aim to decrease depression and improve income simultaneously and comprehensively.
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KEYWORD
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depression trajectory, income trajectory, social causation and selection hypothesis, Korean welfare panel study, latent growth curve model
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